對地教程第一課 對地靶場
教程開始前資訊(想定簡介)：
This scenario is designed to help new players understand the methods and nuances of Air-to-Ground bombing.
該想定旨在幫助新玩家瞭解空對地轟炸的方法和不同種類武器間的細微差別。
Bombing in today’s air forces doesn’t carry the same glamour as the Air-to-Air (A2A) missions, but once the ‘Glamour Jockeys’ get off their shining white chargers and realize that the world does not revolve around White Knights rescuing damsels in distress anymore, they recognise delivering ordinance to surface targets is why they exist.
在今日的時代背景中，空軍轟炸任務並沒有空對空（A2A）任務那樣有魅力，但一旦“魅力騎師”們從他們的白色戰馬上下來，意識到世界並不圍繞著拯救遇險少女的白騎士而轉，他們才會意識到，向地面目標給予打擊才是他們存在的意義。（譯者注：‘delivering ordinance’應該是指空軍通過對地打擊，迫使敵方改變既定部署，原作者經常採用類似的修辭手法。另外，譯者僅進行翻譯，對原作者一切觀點持保留態度，如對文中觀點感到不適，請聯絡原作者Gunner98。）
Disparagingly called ‘Air to Mud’ or ‘Farming’, Air-to-Ground targeting is generally of two types: Close Air Support (CAS), where ground troops are involved, or strike, where targets are located and destroyed independent of ground forces.
空對地攻擊通常被稱為“空對地（Air to Mud）”或“犁地（Farming）”，攻擊通常被分為兩種型別：一是近距離空中支援（CAS），這種型別的攻擊任務中，地面部隊會參與攻擊。二是打擊（strike），是摧毀地面部隊活動範圍之外的目標。
There are several sub classes of each type but we will focus on simple Strike missions with one aircraft each.
這兩個型別下也都有幾個子類，但我們將專注於各種飛機的簡單打擊任務。
Most modern fighters are called ‘multi-role’, indicating that they can do both the Air-to-Air role in an effort to gain air superiority and the Air-to-Ground role to strike ground targets.
大多數現代戰鬥機都是“多用途”，這說明它們既可以扮演空對空的角色以獲得空中優勢，也可以扮演空對地的角色以打擊地面目標。
Some aircraft, such as the F-15C or the MiG-31 are strictly A2A.
當然也一些飛機，如F-15C或米格-31，嚴格來說就是空對空戰機。
While some other aircraft are strictly Air-to-Ground, such as the A-10 or the Su-25, these ‘flying tanks’ are largely focused on CAS with troops in close contact.
雖然確實有一些飛機是嚴格意義上的對地攻擊機，如A-10或蘇-25，但這些“飛行坦克”主要集中在那些與地面部隊有密切接觸的CAS任務上。
Today, we will use the F-16, one of the most prolific and versatile modern aircraft in use today.
今天，我們將使用F-16，這是當今使用的最多產和多用途的現代飛機之一。
One could make a serious study of the various types of F-16 out there, but it is not important to this tutorial.
大家可以認真研究各種型別的F-16，但這對本教程並不重要。
The model chosen has the ability to use a wide range of munitions to demonstrate the game functions needed.
任務所選機型能夠使用多種彈藥來演示所需的遊戲功能。
If you wish to know more, you can always go here.
如果你想了解更多，你可以隨時到“這裡”（譯者注：“這裡”是一個超連結，指向F-16.net - The ultimate F-16, F-22, F-35 reference ，這是一個F-16專項論壇，毫無疑問是全英文的，如果您對F-16有充足的愛，可以去挑戰一下）。
Don’t worry, in future tutorials we will use other aircraft of Russian, European or Chinese manufacture so you can get used to these as well,
別擔心機型的種類不足，在之後的教程中，我們將使用俄羅斯、歐洲以及中國製造的其他飛機，這樣您也可以習慣這些飛機，
So enter the game and look around. You have an air base in Mali, and some targets all nicely lined up for you.
好了，現在進入遊戲並檢視整張地圖。你在馬裡有一個空軍基地，還有一些很適合你發揮的目標。
There are no defences arrayed against you in this scenario so you are free to play around without getting shot at.
這個環境中沒有針對你的防禦措施，所以你可以自由地四處玩耍而不用擔心被擊中。
Enjoy learning this impressive game.
來享受這個令人印象深刻的遊戲吧。
Note: This tutorial should take about 30-40 min to complete
注意：完成本教程大約需要30-40分鐘
教程開始前資訊(陣營選擇及相應簡報)：
Blue Player
藍方
Good morning Colonel.
早上好，上校。
You are the Squadron Commander of Blue Strike Squadron and your job today is to learn how to use your assets in strike missions.
你現在是藍方打擊中隊的中隊指揮官，今天的工作是學習如何在打擊任務中使用你的航空資源。
Remember - CMO is not a flight simulator, it is a "tactical/operational command" simulator that replicates that tactical employment of modern air and naval forces – so you don’t actually ‘fly’ the aircraft.
記住，CMO不是一個飛行模擬器，它是一個“戰術/作戰指揮”模擬器，複製了現代空軍和海軍部隊的戰術運用——所以你不會實際去“駕駛”一架飛機。
You’re the boss, you tell the pilot what to do and s/he goes off and does what you tell them.
你是當老闆的，你告訴飛行員該做什麼，他/她就會按照你的指示去做。
Unless something goes wrong or the situations changes of course - then they have this desire for self preservation! What is this world coming to!
除非什麼地方出了問題或者情況發生了某些變化，當然，因為他們有自我保護原則！誰知道這個世界接下來會變成什麼樣子！（譯者注：原文如此，我也不能理解原作者此處表達的內涵，歡迎各位在評論區發表觀點。）
You have a squadron of 12 F-16s, very handy little aircraft indeed.
你有一個由12架F-16組成的中隊，F-16是一種非常好操縱的輕型戰機。
If you’re interested in facts and figures that’s about $2 Billion US worth of airframes at about 165 Million, each.
如果你對該機型的現實狀況和相關資料感興趣，那麼我可以告訴您，每架飛機大概價值1.65億美元，也就是說您的中隊大概價值20億美元。
And don’t forget that you will be spending $34,000 per aircraft flight hour. The munitions you’re dropping range in price from about $2000 for a Mk 82 dumb bomb to about 1.5 million for a JASSM.
對了，別忘了，每飛行一小時都將再花費34000美元。你投放的彈藥價格從2000美元（Mk 82無指導炸彈）到150萬美元（JASSM）不等。
Open the game and review your forces.
開啟遊戲並檢視您的部隊。
Each of your F-16s is loaded with a different loadout, we will practice with most of the available loadouts to give you a feel for which ones to chose in a real game.
您的每架F-16有不同的掛載，我們將使用大多數可用的掛載進行練習，以便讓您在真實遊戲中選擇使用哪種。
Munitions selection is one of the most important decisions a player will make, and it is expensive in time if you get it wrong.
彈藥選擇是玩家將做出的最重要決定之一，如果你弄錯了，那麼就會浪費很多寶貴的時間。
Hopefully this tutorial will help you with that.
希望本教程將對您有所幫助。
We will not be using the A2A loadouts as there are other tutorials covering that aspect - we’re doing real work in this tutorial.
我們不會使用A2A掛載，因為還有其他教程涉及這方面-我們在本教程中做真正的工作。（譯者注：譯者僅進行翻譯，對原作者一切觀點持保留態度，如感到不適，請聯絡原作者Gunner98。）
Also we are limiting ourselves to ground targets, although ‘surface’ also includes ships, that will be the subject of another tutorial.
此外，我們的教程僅侷限於地面目標，儘管“空對面”中其實也包括船隻，但這方面的內容是另一個教程的主題。
And finally we will not be conducting SEAD (Suppression of Enemy Air Defence) which is a specialized skill set and will also be covered later.
最後，我們將不進行SEAD（壓制敵方防空），這是一套專門技能，將會在之後的教程中介紹。
A message will appear in about 15 seconds with instructions for your first strike.
您進入遊戲大約15秒後會出現第一條資訊，那是關於您第一次打擊的指示資訊。
Oh: one more note – modern aircraft generally don’t fly alone – they like the company of a wingman.
哦：還有一點要注意，現代飛機一般不會單獨飛行——他們通常會有一個僚機陪伴。This goes to that very inefficient principle of self-preservation again!
這又回到了非常低效的自我保護原則！
Anyway, in this tutorial we will be flying single aircraft ‘One Ship’, where most missions you conduct in the game will be in ‘2 ship’ or even ‘4 ship’ formation.
但在本教程中，我們將駕駛單機“1船”，在遊戲中執行的大多數任務將是“2船”甚至“4船”編隊。
Don’t ask me why they call them ships – something to do with that knight on a white charger thing I’m sure
別問我為什麼他們叫船——我肯定是和那個騎著白色戰馬的騎士有關。
第一次彈窗：
Let’s Check out your first strike Aircraft. (Strike #1) Select the ‘Blue Base’ and either hit the ‘F6’ key or push the Aircraft Operations button on the Unit Status window.
讓我們看看你的第一架飛機。（Strike #1）選擇“藍方基地”，按下“F6”鍵或按下“機組狀態”視窗上的“飛機操作”按鈕。
Strike #1 is an F-16 loaded with 6x Mk82 LDGP (Low Drag General Purpose). If you delve into the Database, you will note that this bomb was first put into action in 1954 – a lot has changed in bomb design since then.
Strike #1是一架F-16，裝有6x Mk82 LDGP（低阻力通用型）。如果你深入研究資料庫，你會發現這枚炸彈於1954年首次投入使用——從那時到現在，炸彈設計已經發生了很大的變化。
You will also note that:
您還將注意到：
· Range against Anti-surf(surface) targets is 1nm or 1 Nautical Mile – that is right on top of the target
·反面目標的距離為1海里，即正好在目標上方凌空轟炸
· Launch Altitude is anywhere between 800ft AGL (Above Ground Level) and 65000ft AGL – quite flexible
·發射高度介於800英尺AGL（地面以上）和65000英尺AGL之間——非常靈活
· This is a 500-pound(241Kg) GPB (General Purpose Bomb)
· 這是一枚500磅（241Kg）GPB（通用炸彈）
· Surface PoH (Probability of Hit) is 99% - that is good so it will probably hit the ground – not necessarily the target!
·面PoH（命中概率）為99%——這很好，因此它可能會擊中地面——不一定是目標！
· The CEP (Circular Error Probability) means that it will likely hit within 50 Meters of where it is aimed. But you’re aiming it with the entire aircraft – it is not a precision weapon.
·CEP（圓誤差概率）意味著它可能會在目標50米範圍內命中。這還是你用的是飛機全套觀瞄裝置的前提下——您應該意識到這不是一種精確武器。
· If you hit your target you will do 130.5 DP (Damage Points). DP is a game abstract to measure a targets ability to absorbed damage verses a weapons ability to deliver that damage.
·如果你命中目標，你將造成130.5 DP（傷害點數）。DP是一個遊戲抽象概念，用來衡量目標吸收傷害的能力與武器釋放傷害的能力。
Your target – Target 1 – is a guard post – no problem. Checking the Database, you will note:
你的目標是Target 1——這是一個崗哨——沒什麼別的問題。檢查資料庫時，您會注意到：
· This is a building – OK
·這是一棟建築——好的，沒問題
· It has 25 DP – so if you hit it you should kill it with your bombs which do 130 DP each
·它有25 DP，所以如果你擊中它，那炸彈足以消滅它，每個炸彈有130 DP
· It has light armor, which should not be a problem for your bombs
·它具有輕型裝甲，這對你的炸彈來說應該不是問題
· It is a 20x20 Meter target giving a target area of about 400 Square Meters
·這是一個20x20米的目標，目標面積約為400平方米
Launch Strike #1 by either right clicking on the aircraft and selecting Launch individually from the drop down menu or by clicking the Launch individually from the options along the bottom of the Air Operations box
通過右鍵單擊飛機並從下拉選單中選擇單獨發射，或通過從空中作戰框底部的選項中單擊單獨起飛Strike #1
第二次彈窗：
Once Strike #1 is in the air, you can get him targeted quite easily.
一旦Strike #1在空中，你就可以很容易地將他作為目標。
· Select the Aircraft Strike #1
·選擇飛機Strike #1
· Hit the F1 key
·按F1鍵
· Select Target 1
·選擇Target 1
You can do this through the Unit Orders Menu as well:
您也可以通過“Unit Orders”選單執行此操作：
· Select the Aircraft Strike #1
·Strike #1
· Unit Orders/Attack Options/Engage Targets (Auto)
·單位命令/攻擊選項/攻擊目標（自動）
· Select Target 1
·選擇目標1
The rest is in the hands of the pilot, he will proceed directly to the target, adopt a suitable attack profile and drop the bombs. He should get there in about 15 min of game time so you can speed up time with the ‘+’ key, remembering to slow it down as he approaches the target ‘-‘ key or drop it to 1:1 time compression with the ‘Enter’ key. You can always hit the ‘Space Bar’ to pause and restart the timer.
其餘的操作都在飛行員手中，他將直接前往目標，採用合適的攻擊模式並投擲炸彈。他應該在大約15分鐘的遊戲時間內到達那裡，你可以用“+”鍵加快時間，在他接近目標時按“-”鍵放慢速度，或者用“Enter”鍵將其快速設定為1:1時間流動。您可以隨時按“空格鍵”暫停或再次開始流動時間。
第三次彈窗：
Well if you were lucky, you killed Target 1 – but there is a good chance you missed with your bombs – that’s what Korean War era weaponry is like. When you bomb with LDGPs – use lots of them.
如果你足夠幸運，Target 1已經被消滅了——當然你也很有可能沒能命中——這畢竟是朝鮮戰爭時期的武器。當你用LDGP轟炸時，請使用大量LDGP。
One thing to consider when using ‘dumb bombs’ is your attack altitude. Many Cold War Era Fighter Bombers were designed for the ‘Fast & Low’ approach. Low because the geometry of a low release altitude keeps the bombs close to the target and reduces the ‘miss distance’, whereas a high level release increases the likely area the bomb will drop exponentially, plus the added time in the air allows wind and many other ballistic factors to affect the bombs more dramatically. The ‘Fast’ part of this delivery method is needed – because it is not healthy for a multi-million-dollar aircraft to be dragging its tail down where everything from tree branches, to shrapnel from its own bombs and small arms fire can damage it – not to mention anti-aircraft guns and missiles.
使用鐵炸彈時需要考慮的一件事是你的攻擊高度。許多冷戰時期的戰鬥轟炸機都是為“快速低高度”投彈方法而設計的。低高度，是因為低釋放高度可以使炸彈保持接近目標並減少“脫靶距離”，釋放高度提高則會導致炸彈的可能落點遠離，加上因高度增加而增加的空中時間，也會使風和其他許多彈道因素對炸彈的影響更為顯著。這種投送方式中的“快速”是必要的，因為一架價值數百萬美元的飛機拖著尾巴向下慢慢飛是不安全的，從樹枝到自己炸彈的彈片以及小口徑武器射擊都會損壞它，更不用說高射炮和導彈了。
Your next strike will be a bit different, you will step forward about 50 years and use some modern JDAM (Joint Direct Attack Munition) weapons. In reality this is simply a guidance kit strapped on to the old 1950’s era weapons family you dropped in Strike 1. But it makes a difference.
你的下一次打擊將有所不同，你將推進大約50年，使用一些現代JDAM（聯合直接攻擊彈藥）武器。事實上，它只是在60年代舊武器基礎上加上了制導套件，就是你在第一次打擊中投擲的那種。但制導套件讓它與之前大不相同。
First a little bit on weapon names: We will consider Warsaw Pact and other bombs in further tutorials but in this instance - the standard bomb in NATO is the American Mark-80 series:
首先介紹一下武器名稱：我們將在之後的教程中談及華約及其他型別的炸彈，在本回教程中，我們介紹北約標準炸彈，美國Mk-80系列：
· Mark 81 – nominal weight 250 pounds (113 kg)
· Mark 82 – nominal weight 500 pounds (227 kg)
· Mark 83 – nominal weight 1,000 pounds (454 kg)
· Mark 84 – nominal weight 2,000 pounds (907 kg)
The Mk 81 (Firecracker) was used in Viet Nam but not much after that and is no longer produced.
Mk 81曾在越南使用，但之後不久就不再生產了。
The Mk 82 the most popular of this series due to its small size allowing more to be carried by many different aircraft types and the low blast radius which keeps a limit on collateral damage, critical in many modern operations
Mk 82是該系列中最受歡迎的型號，因為它的尺寸小，可以讓很多不同型別的飛機攜帶更多的武器，而且爆炸半徑小，可以限制附帶損害，這在許多現代作戰中都是至關重要的
The Mk 83, although regularly used by the US Navy, is not popular with most other forces. It doesn’t have the striking power of the Mk 84, but causes more unintentional damage than the Mk 82.
Mk 83雖然經常被美國海軍使用，但不受大多數其他部隊的歡迎。它沒有Mk 84的打擊力，還比Mk 82造成更多的附帶損傷。
The Mk 84, when you need to hit something hard you use this bomb.
Mk 84，當你需要猛烈打擊時，你可以使用這個炸彈。
Added to all of these bombs are guidance kits, either laser, GPS or both, and/or delivery systems that either slow the bomb down, allowing a lower altitude delivery (Snakeye) or a penetration capability (BLU109).
除了所有這些炸彈外，還有鐳射、GPS或兩者的制導套件，和/或可以減緩炸彈速度的投送系統，從而實現低空投送（Snakeye）或突防能力（BLU109）。
For this mission you have one F-16 with two GBU31(V)3/B JDAM (BLU-109/B) with a Sniper XR Pod[FLIR] and an AN/ALQ-184 Pod as well. Let’s break all that down:
在本次任務中，您有一架F-16，攜帶兩枚GBU31（V）3/B JDAM（BLU-109/B），一個Sniper XR吊艙[FLIR]和一個AN/ALQ-184吊艙。讓我們把這一切分解：
· GBU: Guided Bomb Unit
·GBU：制導炸彈單元
· 31: for a Mk 84
·31：裝載Mk 84炸彈
· (V)3/B: guidance kit version
·（V）3/B：指導套件版本號
· JDAM: GPS Guided - For more detail go here.
·JDAM:GPS引導-更多詳情請點選此處（譯者注：此處為超連結，指向http://www.designationsystems.net/dusrm/app5/jdam.html ，是關於JDAM各種詳細介紹，全英）。
· BLU-109/B – Penetrator fuse
·BLU-109/B–引信種類
· Sniper XR Pod[FLIR]: Targeting pod [Forward Looking Infra Red] – detail here
·Sniper XR吊艙[FLIR]：瞄準吊艙[前視紅外]-此處詳細資訊（譯者注：此處為超連結，指向https://www.lockheedmartin.com/content/dam/lockheed/data/mfc/photo/sniper-pod/feature/mfc-sniper-product-card.pdf 應該是洛克希德·馬丁公司的狙擊手吊艙產品介紹頁，但截至翻譯時該網頁已404，當前關於狙擊手吊艙產品介紹的網址為https://www.lockheedmartin.com/content/dam/lockheed-martin/mfc/pc/sniper-pod/mfc-sniper-atp-pc-01.pdf）
· AN/ALQ-184 Pod: An Electronic Countermeasures Pod (ECM)
·AN/ALQ-184吊艙：電子對抗吊艙（ECM）
Now as far as targets you have two ‘Hardened Aircraft Shelters’ – the perfect target for a 2000lb penetrator: They were almost made for each other!
現在你的目標是兩個“硬化飛機掩體”——這是2000磅侵徹彈的完美目標：它們基本上就是為破壞機堡而製造的！
Launch your second strike jet and move it towards the target please.
請起飛第二架攻擊機，並命令其向目標移動。
第四次彈窗：
Now in this strike your going to be a little more precise with the targeting.
現在，在這次打擊中，你將更加精確地瞄準目標。
· Select the aircraft Strike #2.
·選擇飛機Strike#2。
· Hit ‘Shift+F1’.
·單擊“Shift+F1”。
· Drag-select both targets labelled Target 2.
·選擇標記為“Target 2”的兩個目標。
· The Weapon Allocation dialog appears. It has four main areas:
·出現“武器分配”對話方塊。它有四個主要領域：
o The top of the left column lists your attacking units.
o左列頂部列出了你的攻擊單位。
o The bottom of the left column lists your targets.
o左列底部列出了您的目標。
o The centre column are the suitable weapons.
o中柱是合適的武器。
o The right column is for confirmation (and some other stuff we will get to later).
o右欄用於確認（以及稍後將討論的其他內容）。
· Select the unit (Strike #2) in the upper left column.
·選擇左上欄中的單位（Strike#2）。
· Select one of the targets in the lower left column.
·選擇左下欄中的目標。
· Select the GBU-31 in the Centre column (we will strafe with guns later).
·在“中心”列中選擇GBU-31（不用管列表裡的機炮，之後會教）。
· At the bottom of the centre column are three bars, the top one ‘Allocate weapons to selected Target(s)’ is the one we want – put a ‘1’ in the selector window.
·中心欄底部有三個欄，最上面的一個“為選定目標分配武器”是您要選擇的——在選擇視窗中輸入“1”。
· Press the button bar in the previous step.
·按上一步中的按鈕欄。
· Both sections of the right-hand column should indicate that 1xGBU-31 is allocated to the target.
·右側列的兩個部分應指示1xGBU-31已分配給目標。
· Select the second target in the lower left column.
·選擇左下欄中的第二個目標。
· You should have one bomb left, allocate it to this target.
·你應該還剩一枚炸彈，分配給這個目標。
· If something has gone wrong, you can de-allocate your weapons and go back to the start of the process.
·如果出了問題，您可以取消分配您的武器，然後返回流程的開始。
· Close the box with the ‘X’ in the upper right corner.
·關閉右上角帶有“X”的對話方塊。
That’s it. Now you can watch to see what happens as your pilot earns his paycheck for the day.
就是這樣。現在你可以觀察一下當你的飛行員賺取當天的薪水時他在做什麼。
第五次彈窗：
By now you should note a couple of things:
現在，您應該注意以下幾點：
· Strike #1, once his ammunition was expended automatically returned to base (RTB), you can change this behavior through the doctrine interface but for now we will leave it alone. And
·Strike #1的彈藥耗盡後會自動返回基地（RTB），你可以通過條令介面改變這種行為，但現在我們將不做任何改變。
· Strike #2 has two circles around it: a red circle representing its Air to Air weapons range and a brown one representing its Air to surface weapons range. Strike #1 had these as well but you probably only noticed the red A2A circle. Since your current load of JDAMs has a 12nm range the circle is apparent and useful. We are not going to be bothered by enemy aircraft lets turn the A2A circle off.
·Strike #2會顯示兩個環：紅色環代表其空對空武器射程，棕色環代表其空對地武器射程。Strike #1也有這些，但你可能只注意到紅色A2A環。由於您當前的JDAM負載範圍為12nm，因此圓圈非常明顯，對您非常有用。這裡我們不會被敵機打擾，因此可以關閉A2A環顯示。
Go to the Map Settings menu and uncheck ‘Air Weapons’. The red circle disappears. You will note that you can turn on or off any one of the range circles – these are for you to use as you need or wish, feel free to experiment with whatever helps you with your battle. The Sensor ranges won’t appear unless you turn your radars on (F9, unit menu or sensor button on the right). You don’t have sonar on an F-16 so I wouldn’t sweat that one.
轉到地圖設定選單，取消選中“空中武器”。紅色環消失。你會注意到，你可以開啟或關閉任何一個範圍環——這些環供你根據需要使用，您可以隨時嘗試任何有助於你戰鬥的東西。除非您開啟雷達（按F9，或者用右側的單位選單或感測器按鈕），否則感測器範圍不會顯示。F-16上沒有聲納，所以不用管。
第六次彈窗：
OK, modern weapons are so much easer to use. Now it is unlikely you killed both targets but you should have at least hit both. So each of the JDAMs have a damage ability of 363 DP, and each of the HAS have 350 DP, so in theory one bomb per target – right? Wrong! Well sort of.
好吧，現代武器更容易使用。現在你不太可能同時殺死這兩個目標，但你至少應該同時命中這兩個。每個JDAM的損傷能力為363DP，每個HAS的抗損能力為350DP，所以理論上一枚炸彈消滅一個目標，對吧？很遺憾，這是錯誤的。
To achieve the maximum effect depends on a large number of factors which are modeled in the game through a series of factors and dice roles. The message log will help give you clues: In one example:
要取得戰果，得經過遊戲中一系列環境和物件的隨機數演算。訊息日誌將幫助您獲得相關線索：在這個示例中：
7:40:05 AM - 7:40:05 AM - 37% penetration achieved
7:40:05 AM-7:40:05 AM-37%的侵徹率
7:40:05 AM - 7:40:05 AM - Weapon: GBU-31(V)3/B JDAM [BLU-109/B] #56 has impacted Target 2.
7:40:05AM-上午7:40:55-武器：GBU-31（V）3/B JDAM[BLU-109/B]#56已經攻擊Target 2。
7:39:49 AM - 7:39:49 AM - Weapon: GBU-31(V)3/B JDAM [BLU-109/B] #55 missed Target 2 by 75ft
上午7:39:49-上午7:39:39-武器：GBU-31（V）3/B JDAM[BLU-109/B]#55偏離Target 2 75英尺
So one of my JDAMs missed by a massive 75ft (about 10% of the miss distance in Strike #1), who knows why – a gust of wind, problem with the GPS, hit a bird! That HAS survived with light damage, good chance that the HAS did its job and protected any aircraft inside.
因此，我的一枚JDAM以75英尺（約為Strike #1誤差距離的10%）的大距離脫靶，誰知道為什麼——可能是一陣風，也可能是GPS出了問題，甚至可能是擊中了一隻鳥！機堡中的這架飛機倖存下來，只有一點受損，大概是HAS完成了任務，保護了裡面的飛機。
The other JDAM hit the target and penetrated (37%). That HAS, is on fire and has heavy damage. Chances are any aircraft inside would be destroyed or at least damaged.
另一個JDAM擊中目標並穿透（37%）。機堡著火了，損壞嚴重。裡面的任何飛機都有可能被徹底摧毀或至少被嚴重損壞。
Thankfully there were no malfunctions and both bombs worked. The lesson is that in precision strikes one bomb for one target is no guarantee of a kill.
不過幸好炸彈沒有發生故障，兩枚炸彈都起了作用。教訓是，在精確打擊中，一枚炸彈擊中一個目標並不能保證會被炸死。
Moving on to Strike #3
來，起飛打擊#3
This strike is something a bit different, you’re going to use ‘Cluster Munitions’ or CBU-105, WCMD specifically (Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser). These are designed for top attack on tanks and other armoured vehicles.
這次打擊有點不同，你將使用“集束彈藥”或CBU-105（注：此處原文有超連結，指向https://defencyclopedia.com/2015/06/12/cbu-105-sensor-fuzed-weapon-usafs-ultimate-tank-buster/ ），特別是WCMD（風力修正彈藥布撒器）。這些是為坦克和其他裝甲車輛的頂部攻擊而設計的。
You may have read or heard that cluster munitions are ‘outlawed’ by the Geneva Convention. That is not specifically true, you can read the detail here. The focus of the ban is to eliminate munitions that leave the equivalent of Anti-personal mines on the battlefield, such as many early generation munitions with high dud rates did. Many modern CBUs comply with paragraph 2.c and are specifically targeted, have self destruct or deactivation mechanisms or are generally much more reliable then older munitions.
你可能已經讀到或聽說過《日內瓦公約》規定集束彈藥為“非法”。這不完全正確，您可以在這裡（譯者注：此處原文有超連結，應該是集束彈藥公約官網中公約適用範圍的英文原文，原網址為http://www.clusterconvention.org/files/2011/01/Convention-ENG.pdf 截至翻譯時該網址已失效，當前網址應為https://www.clusterconvention.org/files/convention_text/Convention-ENG.pdf#page=4 在當前版本公約正文第4頁頁首，有下文中提到的公約2.c款相關內容。）閱讀詳細資訊。禁令的重點是消除那些在戰場上留下大量未爆彈，讓區域內充滿不止何時引爆的地雷的那些集束彈藥，例如許多啞彈率高的早期彈藥。許多現代CBU符合第2.c款的規定，並且是專門針對性的，具有電子自毀或自行失效機制，或者至少比老式彈藥更可靠。
So you have an Anti-Tank cluster munition, and you have two lonely tank troops as a target – Launch please and get Strike 3 moving towards the target.
所以放心吧，你現在可以使用反坦克集束彈藥，而且有兩個相互獨立的坦克部隊作為你的目標——請起飛Strike #3，讓其向目標移動。
第七次彈窗：
OK, now that Strike #3 is airborne, lets adjust our doctrine a little bit.
好的，現在Strike #3已經升空，讓我們稍微調整一下我們的作戰條令。
· Game Menu/Side Doctrine
o Right column under Air Operations, most of the way down ‘A/G strafing (gun)’ - change to ‘Yes’.
o“空中作戰”下的右欄，將 “A/G strafing (gun)” 的下拉欄-改為“Yes”。
o Close the Doctrine window
o關閉條令視窗
· Select Strike #3
·選擇Strike #3
· Hit ‘F1’ and drag-select the two Tank troops marked Target 3
·點選“F1”並選擇標記為Target 3的兩個坦克部隊
You may have noticed that the tank units (you can tell that they’re tank units by the little ‘Tank Track’ symbol if you’re using NTDS symbols) have the number ‘3’ next to their upper left side. This represents the number of actual tanks that the unit contains. When you fire a weapon at the unit, a ‘1’ will appear in the lower left side to represent the number of weapons that unit has allocated to it.
您可能已經注意到，坦克單位（如果您使用NTDS符號，可以通過小“坦克軌道”符號來判斷它們是坦克單位）的左上角旁邊有數字“3”。這表示該單元包含的實際儲罐數量。當你向該單位發射武器時，左下方會出現一個“1”，代表該單位分配給它的武器數量。
By the way – when using NTDS symbols, infantry is represented by a large ‘X’ depicting the crossed belts of a Napoleonic soldier and artillery is represented by a dot to represent a cannon ball.
順便說一句，當使用NTDS符號時，步兵用一個大“X”表示，表示拿破崙士兵的交叉腰帶，炮兵用一個圓點表示炮彈。
第八次彈窗：
Strike 4
Strike 4 will be using a very modern version of a bomb: The SDB Small Diameter Bomb first fielded in 2006, is truly a weapon designed for the ‘current fight’ or Counter Insurgency Operations COIN. It is smaller than the defunct Mk 81 at only 200lbs, but it has a range of 60nm and is very accurate.
Strike 4將使用一種非常現代的炸彈：SDB小直徑炸彈。它於2006年首次亮相，是真正為“現代戰鬥”或“反叛亂行動（COIN）”設計的武器。它比鐵炸彈Mk 81還要小，只有200磅，但它有60海里的射程而且非常精確。
You have 8 x GBU-39/B SDBs and 6 small buildings to destroy. Use your munitions frugally to destroy all buildings
你有8個GBU-39/B SDB和6個小型建築要摧毀。節約使用彈藥試著摧毀所有建築物。
第九次彈窗：
So your attack order gave the pilot two targets, and he followed his Weapons Release Authority (WRA) and released both CBUs on one tank troop, which has a ‘Missile Defence estimate’ of 4 (see DB). So once you watch the cool CBU graphics destroy one of the tank units, you are left with one tank unit alive and well. Time to strafe him.
你的攻擊命令給了飛行員兩個目標，他依照他的武器釋放條令（WRA）向一個坦克部隊打出了兩個CBU，其“導彈防禦估值”為4（見DB）。因此，一旦你看到酷炫的CBU圖形摧毀了其中一個坦克單位，你應該只剩下一個坦克目標了。是時候照顧他了。
· Select the aircraft Strike #3
·選擇飛機 Strike #3
· Hit the ‘U’ key. He was in an RTB state so you have just unassigned him from that order
·按“U”鍵。他處於RTB狀態（返回基地狀態），你按U鍵取消了他當前的返回基地狀態。
· Hit ‘Shift+F1’ and select the remaining tank unit
·點選“Shift+F1”並選擇剩下的那個坦克單位
· Strike #3 should already be selected, as is the only target. Click on the 20mm/85 Vulcan Burst in the suitable weapons column
· Strike #3 應該已經被選中了，現在也只有他了。點選武器欄中的20mm/85火神炮
· Click on the bottom bar ‘Allocate all weapons of this type’
·單擊底部欄“Allocate all weapons of this type’（分配所有此類武器）”
· Double check that all 5 available bursts (500 rounds of Vulcan cannon) are allocated and close the box.
·再次檢查是否分配了所有5個可用的基數（500發火神炮彈），最後關閉視窗。
· Sit back and watch as the aircraft adopts the appropriate altitude and begins to engage
·現在可以看著飛機自動選擇適當的高度並開始接戰
第十次彈窗：
Mobile targets are the next task. Older JDAMs, many guided weapons and certainly dumb bombs have a hard time striking these targets. Fortunately, the F-16 has the ability to use AGM-65 (Air Ground Munition), the Maverick missile. This is based on a 1970’s design but has gone through significant improvement, details here, , it is good for much more than moving targets but it is one of the few pre 2000 weapons that can reliably hit movers.
下一個任務是打擊移動目標。鐵炸彈、早期型號的JDAM、以及其他許多制導武器很難擊中這些目標。幸運的是，F-16能夠使用AGM-65“小牛”導彈。該導彈基於20世紀70年代的設計，但已經過了重大改進，需要注意的是，小牛導彈是2000年以前為數不多的能夠可靠打擊移動目標的武器之一。
You have two moving cars to strike and 2 missiles to do it with. Engage.
你有兩輛移動的汽車作為目標，手頭有兩枚導彈能用。打吧。
Now might be a good time to check how your doing. Don’t worry, this is a basic tutorial and you will win, but it is always nice to know how the fight is going. In COMMAND, scenario designers have complete latitude in how they score a scenario, which is fantastic – but it does take awhile for a player to get used to. In some of my scenarios the player is likely to get his/her butt kicked, so I adjust the scores so you can measure how well you are losing – if that makes any sense at all.
現在可能是檢查你的表現的好時機。別擔心，這是一個基礎教程，所以你一定會贏的，但知道戰鬥如何進行總是很好的。在COMMAND中，想定設計者在如何為場景打分方面擁有完全的自由度，這非常好——但玩家確實需要一段時間才能適應。在我的一些想定中，玩家很可能會遭遇損失，所以我調整了分數，這樣你就可以衡量你輸得怎麼樣——如果這有任何意義的話。
So in this scenario you get 10 Victory Points (VP) for every target you destroy and you achieve a Triumph by destroying 15 of them. Sometimes you get points for achieving missions, preventing the opposing force from doing something or preserving your assets. Totally up to the designer. Some players don’t really pay attention to point scores, neither do some designers, in this case if it feels good – you’ve won.
在這個想定中，你摧毀的每一個目標都會獲得10個勝利點（VP），摧毀其中的15個目標，你就能獲得完全勝利。有時，你會因為完成任務、阻止對方部隊行動或保護你的資產而獲得分數。這完全取決於想定設計者。有些玩家並不真正關注分數，有些想定設計者也不關注分數，在這種情況下，如果感覺不錯的話——你贏了。
So to check how you’re doing as measured against the designer’s idea of how the scenario should unfold, go to Game Menu/Scoring:
因此，要根據設計師關於場景應該如何展開的想法來檢查你的表現，請轉到Game Menu/Scoring：
· The first tab is the ‘Evaluation’ which goes from Disaster to Triumph, here you are Average because the point score is ‘0’;
·第一個標籤是“Evaluation”（評價），從“災難性的失敗（Disaster）”到“完全勝利（Triumph）”，這裡是“平平無奇（Average）”，因為總評分是“0”；
· The next tab is the ‘Losses and Expenditures’ readout which shows what you have expended in munitions and what you have killed. And the same for each side in the game, and there could be many sides depending on how complex the scenario is. Be advised that there is a bit of a ‘spoiler’ or ‘cheat’ on this tab – it will show exactly what you have killed, even though you may not have received accurate BDA (Bomb Damage Assessment) on your strikes. So if you don’t want to bend the rules of physics, don’t look at this page until the end of the game. If you want to learn effects of munitions or what the heck has been giving you all those problems, take a look – its your game. You can also get to this screen directly from the Game menu.
·下一個標籤是“Losses and Expenditures”讀數，顯示你在彈藥上花費了什麼以及你殺死了什麼。遊戲中的每一方都是一樣的，可能會有很多方，這取決於場景的複雜程度。請注意，此選項卡上有一點“劇透”或“欺騙”——它將準確顯示您所殺的東西，即使您可能沒有收到準確的BDA（炸彈傷害評估）。所以，如果你不想違揹物理學的規則，在遊戲結束之前不要看這一頁。如果你想了解彈藥的效果，或者這些問題到底給你帶來了什麼，看看吧——這就是你的遊戲結果。您也可以直接從遊戲選單進入此螢幕。
· Finally; the ‘Scoring Log’ will give you an event by event countdown of how you gained and lost points.
·最後；“Scoring Log”將為您提供一個事件記錄，記錄您的得分和失分情況。
Ever used the saying “I feel like a million bucks!”? Well at $1.5 Million each the JASSM (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile), is a truly capable munition, just don’t expect too many of them. The AGM-158 has a range of 215nm so is certainly a standoff weapon, it has a sub-sonic terrain following cruise and a double warhead – one to penetrate and one to destroy.
有沒有說過“我感覺自己值一百萬美元！”？JASSM（聯合空對地防區外導彈）每枚價值150萬美元，是真的值這個價的彈藥，但也不要期待太多。AGM-158的射程為215海里，因此無疑是一種防區外武器。它是一款亞音速地形匹配巡航導彈並且擁有雙彈頭設計——一個用於穿透目標防禦，另一個用於摧毀目標。
For this one fly towards the target, out past Target 2 and you will get another message outlining what you should do for the attack.
對於這一次打擊，您先飛向目標，飛到目標2的大致位置，你將收到下一條資訊，概述你應該如何應對攻擊。
OK now follow this procedure:
好，現在執行以下步驟：
· Select the aircraft Strike #6
·選擇飛機Strike #6
· Hit ‘Shift+F1’, drag select the two targets to bring up the Weapons Allocation dialogue
·點選“Shift+F1”，選擇兩個目標以開啟武器分配對話方塊
· Assign one JASSM to each target
·為每個目標分配一個JASSM
· Now in the lower right box, select the JASSM that is assigned to one of the targets
·現在在右下角的框中，選擇分配給其中一個目標的JASSM
· The ‘Plot course’ option becomes available, press this button
·“Plot course（繪製航路點）”選項變為可用，按下此按鈕
· Your now on the map screen and each cursor click becomes a waypoint, maximum 10 and you cannot exceed the range of the weapon
·你現在在地圖螢幕上，每次點選游標都會變成一個航路點，最多10次，你不能超過武器的射程
· Plot a course and do the same for the second weapon. If you don’t like your course, click on clear course and do it again.
·繪製一條路線，並對第二件武器進行同樣的操作。如果您不喜歡您的課程，請單擊“清除課程”並重試。
· Once you’re happy close the box and watch them fly. This is a great way of getting around defences.
·如果您要結束繪製，那直接關閉視窗就可以了，它們將會自動沿航路飛行。這是繞過防空的好方法。
This is not really a strike but once you launch your aircraft (Strike #7) fly it toward the target and when you get a few miles out of the base, hit ‘Cntl+F1’ this is a Bering only Launch and you should launch your MALD (Miniature Air-Launched Decoy), anywhere you would like. This is another useful technique you will need to penetrate heavily defended areas.
接下來的不是真正的對地打擊，您可以發射您的飛機（Strike #7），將其飛向您指定的目的地，當它離開基地幾英里時，按下“Cntl+F1”，這是MALD（小型空射誘餌）唯一的發射方式，你可以在任何你想要發射的地方發射它。當你需要穿透防守嚴密的區域時，這是一種相當有用的技術裝備。
After this you have several aircraft about to be ready so you should feel free to play around with the different weapons on board to destroy any targets on the range
在這之後，你還有幾架飛機準備就緒，你可以隨意使用它們上面的不同武器來摧毀射程內的各種目標。
You’re are now qualified to Bomb stuff!
總之，你現在已經有進行轟炸的資質了！
